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Die Entwicklung von vollautomatisierten Fahrzeugen wird in der gesellschaftlichen Diskussion immer präsenter. Wichtig für die Durchsetzung und verbreitete Nutzung dieser technischer Neuerungen ist jedoch vor allem die Akzeptanz der Bevölkerung – in diesem Fall nicht nur die der potenziellen KäuferInnen sondern auch die der übrigen Verkehrs-teilnehmenden. Vorgestellt wird eine explorative Online-Studie zur Akzeptanz von auto-nomen Fahren basierend auf quantitativen und qualitativen Daten einer Stichprobe von N = 89. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem eine geringe Vertrautheit mit dem Thema, ein vergleichsweise ausgeprägtes Vertrauen aber eine geringe Nutzungsabsicht.
Wissensmanagement (WM) und IT-gestütztes Lernen sind gerade in kleinen Behörden der Öffentlichen Verwaltung (ÖV), wie z.B. in ländlichen
Gemeinden, noch ausbaufähig. Am Beispiel des EU-Projekts EAGLE werden
Projektergebnisse als Verbesserungsansätze für ein arbeitsprozessorientiertes, IT-gestütztes Lernen vorgestellt. Neuartige Plattform-Features und ihr ÖV-spezifischer Nutzen werden erläutert. Die Ergebnisse der Plattformvalidierung werden vorgestellt. Ferner werden Vorschläge gemacht, wie die Ergebnisse aus EAGLE mit WM und weiteren Wissensquellen der ÖV, wie z.B. der Registratur, zu einem Gesamtkonzept mit bereits vorhandenen Fortbildungs- und WM-Ansätzen verbunden werden können.
Why Should the Q-method Be Integrated Into the Design Science Research? A Systematic Mapping Study
(2019)
The Q-method has been utilized over time in various areas, including information systems. In this study, we used a systematic mapping to illustrate how the Q-method was applied within Information Systems (IS) community and proposing towards integration of Q-method into the Design Sciences Research (DSR) process as a tool for future research DSR-based IS studies. In this mapping study, we collected peer-reviewed journals from Basket-of-Eight journals and the digital library of the Association for Information Systems (AIS). Then we grouped the publications according to the process of DSR, and different variables for preparing Q-method from IS publications. We found that the potential of the Q-methodology can be used to support each main research stage of DSR processes and can serve as the useful tool to evaluate a system in the IS topic of system analysis and design
Globalization and information technology enable people to join the movement of global citizenship and work without borders. However, different type of barriers existed that could affect collaboration in today’s work environment, in which different generations are involved. Although researchers have identified several technical barriers to intergenerational collaboration (iGOAL), the influence of cultural diversity on iGOAL has rarely been studied. Therefore, using a quantitative study approach, this paper investigates the impact of differences in cultural background on perceived technical and operational barriers to iGOAL. Our study reveals six barriers to IGC that are perceived differently by culturally diverse people (CDP) and non-CDP. Furthermore, CDP can foster IGC because CDP consider the barriers to be of less of a reason to avoid working with different generations than do non-CDP.
Why do barriers to the exchange of open knowledge resources change in public administrations? Experts in the public sector have been interviewed and outlined antecedents of change to certain barriers. The results are an initial step towards theorizing on barrier change and stepping beyond the current trend of categorizing difficulties to e-Learning and use of open knowledge resources. Categorizing only shows the range of potential challenges. Whether and how the barriers change, however, is seldom addressed in previous literature. The results presented in this study thus provide a new perspective on the phenomenon. Results are part of a longitudinal study about open e-Learning in the public sector across four European countries. They will provide fresh empirical input for discussions at the World Conference on E-Learning how to advance future research and practices in the domain
Relevance & Research Question: Smartphones have become an integrated part in everyday life facilitating communication, information access, entertainment and organization anytime and anywhere. However, the omnipresence of such devices can evoke psychological dependencies and the need of being always connected resulting in discomfort when the smartphone is not accessible. While few studies have found heightened anxiety during smartphone absence (e.g. Cheever, Rosen, Carrier, & Chavez, 2014), such research is scarce. Therefore, we aimed at expanding existing research asking whether the mere imagination of smartphone absence suffices to trigger anxiety and affect user’s context evaluations.
In recent years a new approach for the dynamic usage of computational power, memory and other
resources comes into play: the Cloud Computing paradigm. This new approach needs to be concerned with
respect to IT Service Management since cloud based infrastructures have to be managed differently from a
usual infrastructure. This paper discusses, based on the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL), as the de-facto
standard for IT Service Management, what kind of processes needs to be concerned especially if a certain
service should be deployed in the cloud.
In recent years, the number of mobile devices that are available for learning scenarios has increased a lot. Different learning settings are usually supported by mobile devices. On the one hand we find mobile devices in informal learning settings, and on the other hand in formal learning settings like a usual lecture. This paper motivates the question whether the usage of mobile devices in a usual lecture is something that is wanted by the students. A first case study is provided with an platform independent prototype that gives an initial indication for preferred usage.
We are “not” too (young/old) to collaborate: Prominent Key Barriers to Intergenerational Innovation
(2019)
In this study, we analyzed the barriers to technology-supported intergenerational innovation to understand better how young and old can collaborate towards global innovations. Researchers in different disciplines have already identified various barriers to intergenerational collaboration. However, barriers are changing depending on the context of collaboration, and difficulties still exist to support intergenerational innovation in global settings. Therefore, we investigated the barriers that emerge when people work with someone decades older or younger. The results of our study have shown what barriers are influenced by age, what barriers exist only for senior and younger adults. The study theoretically contributes to deepening the Information Systems (IS) community's understanding of the barriers to intergenerational innovation that need to be considered when developing systems for global innovation
Rolling mills are continually improved and opti-mized by implementing innovative technology to decrease costs and scrap. Despite of the progressive automation and experience, some important process parameters can still not be determined with sufficient accuracy. As part of the research project PIREF, the velocity of the hot rolled rod shall be measured by using im-pedance analysis to estimate the volumetric flow rate of the mate-rial. For a high accuracy measurement of the impedance, a pow-erful VNA is used. To minimize errors in the measurement, caused by e.g. temperature drift, a correction of the measurement fre-quency is needed. This must be achieved without recalibration of the VNA to avoid faulty behavior of the online control. To solve this problem, an approach based on a polynomial regression is presented in this work.
Velocity Approximation of Hot Steel Rods Using Frequency Spectroscopy of the Cross-Section Area
(2019)
In this work, an approach for velocity approximation of hot steel rods based on frequency spectroscopy is presented. For this purpose, a sensor already implemented in a rolling mill for measuring the cross-sectional area of the rolling stock is used to obtain information about the velocity of the hot rods. Moreover, the effect of forward slip is briefly discussed.
For any kind of assistant systems, the ability to interact with the human operator and taking into account his or her assumptions and expectations, is the basis for a reasonable behavior. As a consequence the human behavior have to be studied in order to generate driver models that are learned from human driving data. In this work we focus on the improvement of the immersion in driving simulation environment by developing and implementing a cheap and efficient method for head tracking. We also explain why head tracking feedback is crucial for the quality of collected behavioural data, especially for simulators with close screen distances.
In this paper we present an approach for People-to-People recommendations based on a Rich Context Model (RCM). We consider personal user information as contextual information used for our recommendations. The evaluation of our recommendation approach was performed on a social network of students. The obtained results do show a significant increase in performance while, at the same time, a slight increase in quality in comparison to a manual matching process. The proposed approach is flexible enough to handle different data types of contextual information and easy adaptable to other recommendation domains.
For highly automated vehicles (AVs), new interaction concepts need to be developed. Even in AVs, the driver might want to intervene and override the automation from time to time. To create the possibility of control, we explore vehicle control through maneuver-based interventions (MBI). Thereby, we focus on explicit, contact-less interaction, which could be beneficial in future AV designs, where the driver is not necessarily bound to classical controls. We propose a set of freehand gestures and keywords for voice control derived in a user-centered design process. Further, we discuss properties, applicability and user impressions of both interaction modalities. Voice control seems to be an efficient way to select a maneuver and free-hand gestures could be used, if voice channel is blocked, e.g., through conversation with passengers.
Gestures are part of the interaction between humans and are currently getting more and more popular in the field of Human-Machine Interaction (HMI). First systems with mid-air gesture control are available in the automotive field of application. But it is still an open question which gestures are intuitive for the users, standards do not exist. In this paper we present a 2-step user study on expectations on touchless gestures in vehicles as part of a participatory design process.
Untersuchung des Einflusses von Längsrissen in Drähten auf die Impedanz eines Wirbelstromsensors
(2012)
Social networking sites (SNSs) are an integral part of our daily life. With the evermore increasing appearance of SNSs, their users spend considerable time producing of different forms everyday (e.g. text, videos, photos, links, etc.) or browsing the varieties of contents in different SNSs. In this paper, we propose an architectural perspective on a framework that provides a unified environment through which users can produce and browse different contents of SNSs from one place.
Digital transformation is a process of digitizing the working and living environment in which people are at the center of digitization. In this paper, we present a personas-based guideline for system developers on how the humanization of digital transformation integrates into the design process. The proposed guideline uses the positive personas from the beginning as a basis for the transformation of the working environment into the digital form. We used the literature research as a preliminary study for the process of wellbeing-driven digital transformation design, consisting of questions for structuring the required information in the positive personas as well as a potential method that could be integrated into the wellbeing-based design process.
In recent years, hardware for the production and consumption of virtual reality content has reached level of prices that make it affordable to everyone. Accordingly schools and universities are showing increased interest in implementations of virtual reality technologies for supporting their innovative educational activities. Hence, this paper presents a flexible architecture for supporting the development of virtual reality learning scenarios conveniently deployed for educational purposes. We also suggest an example of such
educational scenario for medical purposes deployable with the suggested architecture. In addition, we developed and used a questionnaire answered by 17 medical students in order to derive additional requirements for refining such scenarios. Then, we present these efforts while aiming at deployments usable also for additional domains. Finally, we summarize and mention aspects we will address
in our coming efforts while deploying such activities.
Researchers have previously utilized the advantages of a design driven by well-being and intergenerational collaboration (IGC) for successful innovation. Unfortunately, scant information exists regarding barrier dimensions and correlated design solutions in the information systems (IS) domain, which can serve as a starting point for a design oriented toward well-being in an IGC system. Therefore, in this study, we applied the positive computing approach to guide our analysis in a systematic literature review and developed a framework oriented toward well-being for a system with a multi-generational team. Our study contributes to the IS community by providing five dimensions of barriers to IGC and the corresponding well-being determinants for positive system design. In addition, we propose further research directions to close the research gap based on the review outcomes.
This paper describes the design and development stages of a web-based framework, aiming to support the creation of mobile applications within the context of mobile learning. The suggested approach offers the opportunity to deploy and execute these applications on mobile devices. This web-based solution additionally offers the possibility to visualize the data collected by the mobile applications in a web-browser. Despite previous research efforts carried out in this domain, few of the projects have addressed these processes from a purely web-based perspective. Currently, a prototype of an authoring tool for creating mobile data collection applications is already implemented. In order to integrate and validate this solution in everyday educational settings, we are collaborating with a network of high schools. On the basis of workshops with teachers we will carry out, refinements and requirements for further enhancements will be collected and will be used to guide our coming efforts.
This paper presents an approach towards a mobile learning environment, which is flexible in terms of supported scenarios, supported devices and input channels. The approach makes use of existing and commonly used channels like SMS, Twitter or Face book to increase acceptance and ease-of-use of mobile devices in learning scenarios. Envisaged application scenarios are described along with technical details for their realization.
We present a light-weight real-time applicable 3D-gesture recognition system on mobile devices for improved Human-Machine Interaction. We utilize time-of-flight data coming from a single sensor and implement the whole gesture recognition pipeline on two different devices outlining the potential of integrating these sensors onto mobile devices. The main components are responsible for cropping the data to the essentials, calculation of meaningful features, training and classifying via neural networks and realizing a GUI on the device. With our system we achieve recognition rates of up to 98% on a 10-gesture set with frame rates reaching 20Hz, more than sufficient for any real-time applications.
Touch versus mid-air gesture interfaces in road scenarios-measuring driver performance degradation
(2016)
We present a study aimed at comparing the degradation of the driver's performance during touch gesture vs mid-air gesture use for infotainment system control. To this end, 17 participants were asked to perform the Lane Change Test. This requires each participant to steer a vehicle in a simulated driving environment while interacting with an infotainment system via touch and mid-air gestures. The decrease in performance is measured as the deviation from an optimal baseline. This study concludes comparable deviations from the baseline for the secondary task of infotainment interaction for both interaction variants. This is significant as all participants are experienced in touch interaction, however have had no experience at all with mid-air gesture interaction, favoring mid-air gestures for the long-term scenario.
Building upon prior results, we present an alternative approach to efficiently classifying a complex set of 3D hand poses obtained from modern Time-Of-Flight-Sensors (TOF). We demonstrate it is possible to achieve satisfactory results in spite of low resolution and high noise (inflicted by the sensors) and a demanding outdoor environment. We set up a large database of pointclouds in order to train multilayer perceptrons as well as support vector machines to classify the various hand poses. Our goal is to fuse data from multiple TOF sensors, which observe the poses from multiple angles. The presented contribution illustrates that real-time capability can be maintained with such a setup as the used 3D descriptors, the fusion strategy as well as the online confidence measures are computationally efficient.
The first robots are currently appearing on the consumer market. Initially they are targeted at rather simple applications such as entertainment and home convenience. For more complex areas, these robots will need to collaborate and interactively communicate with their human users, which requires appropriate man-machine interaction technologies and considerable cognitive abilities on the robot's side. Consumer acceptance will strongly depend on the integrated system. Thus, system integration and evaluation of the integrated system is becoming increasingly important. This paper describes our approach to construct a robotic assistance system. We present experience with an integrated technology demonstration and exposure of the integrated system to the public.
Today usually every student owns a reasonably powerful mobile device that allows to be integrated in scenarios. One of the drawbacks of the fast evolution of reasonably powerful devices, is the
heterogeneity of that these kind of devices us ually bring with them. This paper provides an overview how rich mobile learning scenarios can be implemented platform independent on the basis of HTML5 and JavaScript. The paper presents a mobile learning application based on the principles of Situated Lea
rning entirely developed in HTML5. The paper also presents the results of tests performed with the application which were aimed at finding out the difference in performance users perceived when compared with the native desktop version of the
application and the added value that mobility introduces in learning activities.
Temporal stabilization of discrete movement in variable environments: An attractor dynamics approach
(2009)
The ability to generate discrete movement with distinct and stable time courses is important for interaction scenarios both between different robots and with human partners, for catching and interception tasks, and for timed action sequences. In dynamic environments, where trajectories are evolving online, this is not a trivial task. The dynamical systems approach to robotics provides a framework for robust incorporation of fluctuating sensor information, but control of movement time is usually restricted to rhythmic motion and realized through stable limit cycles. The present work uses a Hopf oscillator to produce discrete motion and formulates an online adaptation rule to stabilize total movement time against a wide range of disturbances. This is integrated into a dynamical systems framework for the sequencing of movement phases and for directional navigation, using 2D-planar motion as an example. The approach is demonstrated on a Khepera mobile unit in order to show its reliability even when depending on low-level sensor information.
Durch den technischen Fortschritt in der Spracherkennung und -verarbeitung wird Sprache als Interaktionsform auch in Fahrzeugen, z.B. zur Bedienung von Infotainmentsystem, immer populärer. Die Steuerung von teilautomatisierten Fahrzeugen über Sprache ist bisher wenig erforscht. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es unter der grundsätzlichen Annahme der Eignung von Sprachsteuerung für teilautonome Fahrzeuge, Nutzererwartungen und spezielle Anforderungen an eine Sprachsteuerung für die grundlegenden Fahrmanöver zu identifizieren. Aus den Ergebnissen eines Expertenworkshops und einer explorativen Videostudie werden Anforderungen und Sprachkommandos abgeleitet.
RELEVANCE & RESEARCH QUESTION: Currently the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) systems as practice teaching methods are virtually uncharted. The proof that these systems can provide the same or better learning outcomes than a text instructed practical task could represent a significant benefit for educational activities. METHODS & DATA: To fathom the effectiveness, an experimental study with the three conditions (VR, AR and a real setup) were used to teach participant how to assemble a standard computer. Each condition was divided into two parts: part one in which participants were confronted with their specific scenario, part two in which participants had to go through a real practice after one week. The learning outcome was determined by the designation of hardware parts, a quiz that queried their function and the correct assembling of the components in addition to needed time. Apart from the mere performance, the acceptance of such application in academic context and difference in evaluation by men and women were of interest. RESULTS: Results concerning the Learning Outcome showed that participants from the VR condition outperformed those learned from the real setup ((M=10.0, SD=0.0) [virtual reality] vs. (M=8.95, SD=1.27) [control]). Furthermore, results from the assembling duration assessment demonstrated that VR Group Participants completed their tasks 6.62% faster than the control group. Regarding the identification of Hardware Parts, both groups scored a significant improvement during the post condition compared to the first test run, indicating a learning progress. However, due to the VR group achieving a better outcome in average answers and a more significant difference between the trials, the results indicate a better performance by participants assigned to the VR condition. ADDED VALUE: The results revealed that VR and AR systems could exceed text-based approach in terms of learning outcome performance. The effectiveness of the systems implicates a major benefit for the educational landscape, as learning content that is not realizable in terms of cost, distance or logistics could be designed as an immersive and engaging experience.
Mobile devices, in the form of smartphones, are endowed with rich capabilities in terms of multimedia, sensors and connectivity. The wide adoption of these devices allows using them across different settings and situations. One area in which mobile devices become more and more prominent is within the field of mobile learning. Here, mobile devices provide rich possibilities for the contextualization of the learner, by using the set of sensors available in the device. On the one hand, the usage of mobile devices enables participation in learning activities independent of time and space. Nevertheless, developing mobile learning applications for the heterogeneity of mobile devices available in the market becomes a challenge. Not only this is a problem related to form factor aspects, but also the large number of different operating systems, platforms and app infrastructures (app stores) are aspects to be considered. In this paper we present our initial efforts with regard to the development of cross-platform mobile applications to support the contextualization of learning content.
Simulated reality environment incorporating humans and physically plausible behaving robots, providing natural interaction channels, with the option to link simulator to real perception and motion, is gaining importance for the development of cognitive, intuitive interacting and collaborating robotic systems. In the present work we introduce a head tracking system which is utilized to incorporate human ego motion in simulated environment improving immersion in the context of human-robot collaborative tasks.
This Paper presents a new service-learning setting based on the collaboration of engineering students and people with disabilities. The implementation at a German university is described and first results from two years of experience are shown. The objective of this case study is to show a transferable best practice concept with impact.
Die Hochschule Ruhr West hat erstmals zum Wintersemester 2011/12 ein Schülerstudium im Studiengang Angewandte Informatik angeboten. Dieses ist aus verschiedenen Aktivitäten zum Übergang Schule - Hochschule hervorgegangen. Der Artikel beschreibt die Erfahrungen bei der Einführung eines solchen Programms an einer sich im Aufbau befindlichen Fachhochschule sowohl aus Sicht der Hochschulangehörigen als auch der teilnehmenden Schülerinnen und Schüler.
We present an architecture based on the Dynamic Field Theory for the problem of scene representation. At the core of this architecture are three-dimensional neural fields linking feature to spatial information. These three-dimensional fields are coupled to lower-dimensional fields that provide both a close link to the sensory surface and a close link to motor behavior. We highlight the updating mechanism of this architecture, both when a single object is selected and followed by the robot's head in smooth pursuit and in multi-item tracking when several items move simultaneously
The scene interpretation and the behavior planning of a vehicle in real world traffic is a difficult problem to be solved. If different hierarchies of tasks and purposes are built to structure the behavior of a driver, complex systems can be designed. But finally behavior planning in vehicles can only influence the controlled variables: steering, angle and velocity. In this paper a scene interpretation and a behavior planning for a driver assistance system aiming on cruise control is proposed. In this system the controlled variables are determined by an evaluation of the dynamics of a two-dimensional neural field for scene interpretation and two one-dimensional neural fields controlling steering angle and velocity. The stimuli of the fields are determined according to the sensor information.
To reduce the number of traffic accidents and to increase the drivers comfort, the thought of designing driver assistance systems arose in the past years. Fully or partly autonomously guided vehicles, particularly for road traffic, pose high demands on the development of reliable algorithms. Principal problems are caused by having a moving observer in predominantly natural environments. At the Institut fur Neuroinformatik methods for analyzing driving relevant scenes by computer vision are developed in cooperation with several partners from the automobile industry. We present a solution for a driver assistance system. We concentrate on the aspects of video-based scene analysis and organization of behavior.
Quality and dimensional accuracy of hot rolled steel rods depend on several process parameters. In fact many of these crucial parameters are not be sufficiently determined yet. By improving automation and process control costs and scrap of production can be decreased. As part of the research project PIREF, one of these parameters – the roll gap – is under investigation beside other topics. Before starting rolling, the roll gap is typically set to a fixed value according to the planed dimensions of the product, but the forces during the rolling of the rod cause an enlargement of the roll gap. In which way the rolls change their position and form shall be examined in our research project. Therefore a first experimental setup has been built up to determine the change in position of the rolls under applied force. This is realized by a pot core coil as sensor using impedance analysis. The first results are presented in this work as a proof-of-principle.
Methods of red-hot rod shape testing require a robust non-contact measurement principle as a touch point could lead to damages to the rod and the detection unit. Therefore a new basic approach based on high frequency eddy current (HFEC) has been investigated. Due to the robustness and the ability to determine the rod shape even above the Curie temperature this principle is especially well suited and can be implemented in the production process directly. The first automatic measurement setup was successfully developed with promising results. Hereby a defect of ovality was detected with a parallel RLC-oscillator. The capacity of this RLC-oscillator is constant whereas the inductance is the measurement part that varies due to eddy current interactions with the rod.
For the rod shape measurement of hot rolled round steel bars (rods) the high frequency eddy current method is especially well suited as it requires no contact point and is not limited to below the Curie temperature. Defects of the rod's shape can be detected by measuring the impedance spectrum of the RLC-oscillator. In the first laboratory setup an Agilent impedance analyser was used for initial tests. Nevertheless, this setup cannot be applied in a steel plant due to the difficult environmental conditions. Hence, a vector network analyser for passive impedance measurement that is applicable in these surroundings was developed.
Vor dem Hintergrund globaler Vernetzung, Digitalisierung und Big Data geht das Excel-Zeitalter seinem Ende entgegen. Neue Technologien versprechen eine höhere Effizienz und Effektivität des Controllings. Die Veränderungen umfassen dabei alle Aufgabenbereiche des Controllings – allerdings mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit und differenzierten Lösungsansätzen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht drei Technologien, die im Controlling derzeit besonders stark diskutiert werden: Robotic Process Automation, Predictive Analytics und Künstliche Intelligenz. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsseminars an der Hochschule Ruhr West in Mülheim a.d.R. wurden dazu 57 Führungskräfte aus Controlling und Rechnungswesen befragt. Über 75% der befragten Unternehmen halten die Digitalisierung für wichtig, mehr als die Hälfte (52%) beabsichtigen, eine oder mehrere der drei untersuchten Technologien in den nächsten drei Jahren neu einzusetzen. In den Aufgabenbereichen ist bislang vor allem das Reporting digital unterstützt, in der Strategischen Planung und im Risikomanagement ist dagegen die Digitalisierung gering. Wesentliche Hindernisse sehen die Befragten im fehlenden Know-How und mangelnder Veränderungsbereitschaft.
Resource Usage in Online Courses: Analyzing Learner’s Active and Passive Participation Patterns
(2015)
The paper analyzes the experience with an open university course for a very heterogeneous target group in which MOOC-like materials and activities were used. The course was conducted in a specifically prepared and extended Moodle environment. The analysis involves questionnaires as well as performance data that reflect the resource access on the learning platform. A special focus is put on the participants’ acceptance and usage of student-generated versus teacher-provided learning content. Network analysis techniques have been used to identify "interest clusters" of students around certain resources.
Relax yourself - Using Virtual Reality to enhance employees mental health and work performance
(2019)
This paper presents work-in-progress aiming to develop an actively adapting virtual reality (VR) relaxation application. Due to the immersive nature of VR technologies, people can escape from their real environment and get into a relaxing state. Goal of the application is to adapt to the users' physiological signals to foster the positive effect. Until now, a first version of the VR application was constructed and is currently evaluated in an experiment. Preliminary results of this study demonstrate that people appreciate the immersion into the virtual environment and escape from reality. Moreover, participants highlighted the option to adapt users' needs and preferences. Based on the final study data, the constructed application will be enhanced with regard to adoption and surrounding factors.
Process Monitoring in Steel-Mills using Impedance Analysis: VNA Improvement for Data Acquisition
(2017)
The process automation extends over every manufacturing step of a product in the steel-mill to increase the quality, quantity and energy efficiency. The product dimensions are an important part of the quality control; these must maintain the specified tolerances. Additional to the cross-sectional-area, the measured data contains much more information about the manufacturing process, e.g. eccentricity, condition of the rolls and defects of the rod. For analyzing the measured data and to gather more information about the manufacturing process it is necessary to increase the speed of the data acquisition by performing some modifications of the VNA, e.g. faster analog to digital converter and microcontroller, improved firmware and optimized values of the passive electrical components for faster time constants and transient responses.
Proceedings of DELFI Workshops 2021
13.09.2021
Dortmund (Online), Deutschland
As smart homes are being more and more popular, the needs of finding assisting systems which interface between users and home environments are growing. Furthermore, for people living in such homes, elderly and disabled people in particular and others in general, it is totally important to develop devices, which can support and aid them in their ordinary daily life. We focused in this work on sustaining privacy issues of the user during a real interaction with the surrounding home environment. A smart person-specific assistant system for services in home environment is proposed. The role of this system is the assisting of persons by controlling home activities and guiding the adaption of Smart-Home-Human interface towards the needs of the considered person. At the same time the system sustains privacy issues of it’s interaction partner. As a special case of medical assisting the system is so implemented, that it provides for elderly or disabled people person-specific medical assistance . The system has the ability of identifying its interaction partner using some biometric features. According to the recognized ID the system, first, adopts towards the needs of recognized person. Second the system represents person-specific list of medicines either visually or auditive. And third the system gives an alarm in the case of taking medicament either later or earlier as normal taking time.
Bipolar electrosurgical systems are used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in urology. In order to analyse electrothermal processes during surgery the power loss density distribution around a bipolar resectoscope is calculated out of the measured potential distribution in isotonic saline solution ex situ. During further analysis power loss density values act as input for the Penne's bioheat equation. To achieve results, which are as realistic as possible, a method to obtain power loss density values, depending on the observed tissue or medium in the operating field, is presented. Applying this method, the power loss density distribution in isotonic saline solution at 25 °C is compared to the distribution calculated for the average conductivity of biological tissue in the region of interest.
System design for well-being needs an appropriate tool to help designers to determine relevant requirements that can help human well-being to flourish. Personas come as a simple yet powerful tool in the early development stage of the user interface design. Considering well-being determinants in the early design process provide benefits for both the user and the development team. Therefore, in this short paper, we performed a literature study to provide a conceptual model of well-being in personas and propose positive design interventions in personas’ creation process.
The adoption of Open Educational Resources (OER) can support collaboration and knowledge sharing. One of the main areas of the usage OER is the internationalization, i.e., the use in a global context. However, the globally distributed co-creation of digital materials is still low. Therefore, we identify essential barriers, in particular for co-authoring of OER in global environments. We use a design science research method to introduce a barrier framework for co-authoring OER in global settings and propose a wellbeing-based system design constructed from the barrier framework for OER co-authoring tool. We describe how positive computing concepts can be used to overcome barriers, emphasizing design that promotes the author's sense of competence, relatedness, and autonomy.
Pedestrian movement analysis at airports - videobased analysis across multiple camera systems
(2013)
In asynchronous collaboration scenarios, document metadata play an important role for indexing and retrieving documents in jointly used archives. However, the manual input of metadata is usually an unpleasant and error prone task. This paper describes an approach that allows the partially automatic generation of metadata in a collaborative modeling environment. It illustrates some usage scenarios for the metadata within the modelling framework – including concepts for document based social navigation and ideas for tool embedded archive queries based on the current state of the user's work.
Detection of influential actors in social media plays an important role for increasing the quality and efficiency of work and services in many fields such as education, marketing, etc. This work aims to introduce a new approach for the characterization of influential actors in online social media, such as Twitter. We present on a model of influence of an actor that is based on the attractiveness of the actor in terms of the number of other new actors with which he or she has established relations over time. We have used this concept and measure of influence to determine optimal seeds in a simulation of influence maximization using two empirically collected social networks for the underlying graphs.
We present a novel approach of distributing small-to mid-scale neural networks onto modern parallel architectures. In this context we discuss the induced challenges and possible solutions. We provide a detailed theoretical analysis with respect to space and time complexities and reinforce our computation model with evaluations which show a performance gain over state of the art approaches.
Open Educational Resources (OER) intend to support access to education for everyone. However, this potential is not fully exploited due to various barriers in the production, distribution and the use of OER. In this paper, we present requirements and recommendations for systems for global OER authoring. These requirements as well as the system itself aim at helping creators of OER to overcome typical obstacles such as lack of technical skills, different types of devices and systems as well as the cultural differences in cross-border-collaboration. The system can be used collaboratively to create OER and supports multi-languages for localization. Our paper contributes to facilitate global, collaborative e-Learning and design of authoring platforms by identifying key requirements for OER authoring in a global context.
Bei Großschadensereignissen kann es durch die Vielzahl der Alarme dazu kommen, dass die verfügbaren Rettungskräfte nicht mehr ausreichen, um die anfallenden Aufgaben zu bewältigen oder Hilfsfristen einzuhalten. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt einen Ansatz, sich zusätzlicher Hilfe aus der Bevölkerung zu bedienen, die über einen Disponenten aus der vorhandenen Leitstelle koordiniert wird. Dabei stehen nicht spontan organisierte Helfer im Vordergrund, sondern Personen, die sich vorab mit einem klaren Fertigkeitsprofil und ggf. auch Ausstattung im System registriert haben. Besondere Anforderungen entstehen bei den Disponenten der Leitstelle, deren Mehrbelastung durch das neue System gering zu halten ist, als auch bei den freiwilligen Helfern, die über eine App auf dem Mobiltelefon alarmiert werden und auch darüber die Kommunikation führen sollen. Die Anforderungen beeinflussen sowohl die System-Infrastruktur als auch die Benutzerschnittstelle.
Process diagnosis is an important method for improving product quality in rolling mills. In addition, the measurement of process variables such as roll gap, cross-sectional area, velocity, and volume flow of the material during production enables the implementation of model-based control concepts to improve product quality. The non-contact speed measurement of hot wire and bar is still a big challenge due to the rough environmental conditions and is solved mainly with optical measuring methods in production. The alternative measurement principle with eddy current sensors presented in this paper enables velocity measurement at locations in a rolling mill where optical measurement methods are not suitable.
As smart homes are being more and more popular, the needs of finding assisting systems which interface between users and home environments are growing. Furthermore, for elderly and disabled people living in such homes it is totally important to develop devices, which can support and aid them in their ordinary daily life. This demands means and tools that extend independent living and promote improved health. In this work we reviewed the state of the art in the assistant systems in home environments. A case study of medical assisting system for elderly and people with disabilities is discussed deeply. A smart nfc-based person-specific assistant system for services in home environment is proposed. The role of this system is the assisting by controlling of home activities and adaption of home-human interface towards the needs of the considered person. For the special case of medical assisting the system has the ability of providing for elderly or disabled people person-specific medical assistance. The system has the ability of identifying its interaction partner using some biometric features. According to the recognized ID the system, first, adopts towards the needs of recognized person. Second the system represents person-specific list of medicaments either visually, on screen, or acoustic, speaker. And third the system gives an alarm in the case of taking medicament either later or earlier as normal taking time.
PROPRE is a generic and modular neural learning paradigm that autonomously extracts meaningful concepts of multimodal data flows driven by predictability across modalities in an unsupervised, incremental and online way. For that purpose, PROPRE consists of the combination of projection and prediction. Firstly, each data flow is topologically projected with a self-organizing map, largely inspired from the Kohonen model. Secondly, each projection is predicted by each other map activities, by mean of linear regressions. The main originality of PROPRE is the use of a simple and generic predictability measure that compares predicted and real activities for each modal stream. This measure drives the corresponding projection learning to favor the mapping of predictable stimuli across modalities at the system level (i.e. that their predictability measure overcomes some threshold). This predictability measure acts as a self-evaluation module that tends to bias the representations extracted by the system so that to improve their correlations across modalities. We already showed that this modulation mechanism is able to bootstrap representation extraction from previously learned representations with artificial multimodal data related to basic robotic behaviors [1] and improves performance of the system for classification of visual data within a supervised learning context [2]. In this article, we improve the self-evaluation module of PROPRE, by introducing a sliding threshold, and apply it to the unsupervised classification of gestures caught from two time-of-flight (ToF) cameras. In this context, we illustrate that the modulation mechanism is still useful although less efficient than purely supervised learning.
Currently in home environments, robot assisting systems with emotion understanding ability are generally achieved in two several manners. The first is the implementing of such systems in such a way that they offer general services for all considered persons without considering privacy, special needs of their interaction partners. The second way is the targetting of such systems for merely one person. In this work we present a robot assisting system, which has both the abilities of assisting several persons at the same time and sustaining their privacy and security issues. The robot can interact with it's interaction partner emotionally by analyzing the emotions of her expressed either visually, facial expression, or auditive, speech prosody. The role of this system is the providing of person-specific support in home environment. In order to identify its interaction partner the system uses diverse biometric traits. According to the recognized ID the system, first, adopts towards the needs of recognized person. Second the system loads the corresponding emotional profile of the detected interaction partner in order to practice a person-specific emotional human-robot interaction, which has an advantage over the person independent interaction.
In this paper we discuss how group processes can be influenced by designing specific tools in computer supported collaborative leaning. We present the design of a shared workspace application for co-constructive tasks that is enriched by certain functions that are able to track, analyze and feed back parameters of collaboration to group members. Thereby our interdisciplinary approach is mainly based on an integrative methodology for analyzing collaboration behavior and patterns in an implicit manner combined with explicit surveyed data of group members’ attitudes and its immediate feedback to the groups. In an exploratory study we examined the influence of this feedback function. Although we could only analyze ad-hoc groups in this study, we detected some benefits of our methodology which might enrich real life Learning Communities’ collaboration processes. The data analysis in our study showed advantages of this feedback on processes of a group’s well-being as well as parameters of participation. These results provide a basis for further empirical work on problem solving groups that are supported by means of parallel interaction analysis as well as its re-use as information resource.
Der Bedarf an feuerverzinkten Stahlbändern ist besonders in der Automobilindustrie sehr groß und es werden zugleich immer höhere Qualitäten gefordert. Hierbei bildet vor allem die Homogenität der Zinkschichtdicke ein entscheidendes Qualitätsmerkmal. Um das Stahlband ausreichend vor Umwelteinflüssen zu schützen, muss eine, vom Kunden spezifizierte, Mindestzinkschichtdicke aufgetragen werden. Beim hier angewandten Verzinkungsverfahren durchläuft das Band ein Zinkbad und anschließend wird das überschüssige Zink berührungs-los mittels sogenannten Abblasdüse so abgetragen, sodass eine möglichst homogene Zinkschicht erhalten bleibt. Hierzu ist es notwendig den Abstand zwischen Band und Airknife konstant zu halten. Störende Bandbewegungen führen zu inhomogene Zinkschichtdicken, welche die Qualität der Verzinkung vermindern. Diese Qualitätsverminderung und der erhöhte Zinkeinsatz soll durch geeignete Maßnahmen verringert werden. Bisher eingesetzte berührungslose Bandstabilisatoren können die Bandbewegung im Allge-meinen dämpfen, jedoch treten noch Betriebszustände auf, in denen eine inhomogene Zinkschicht sichtbar ist. Die Ursache dieser Inhomogenitäten liegt in anlagenbedingten dominanten Schwingungen des Bandes, deren Ursache zu klären ist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Modell der Bandbewegung vorgestellt, das durch die theore-tische Modellbildung und experimentelle Identifikation erstellt worden ist. Das Modell beschreibt die Bewegung des Bandes bezüglich ausgewählter Freiheitsgrade und ermöglicht die Analyse der kritischen Betriebszustände. Darüber hinaus soll dieses Modell zur Stabilisierung des Bandes in einer modellgestützten Reglung verwendet werden.
Autonomous robots with limited computational capacity call for control approaches that generate meaningful, goal-directed behavior without using a large amount of resources. The attractor dynamics approach to movement generation is a framework that links sensor data to motor commands via coupled dynamical systems that have attractors at behaviorally desired states. The low computational demands leave enough system resources for higher level function like forming a sequence of local goals to reach a distant one. The comparatively high performance of local behavior generation allows the global planning to be relatively simple. In the present paper, we apply this approach to generate walking trajectories for a small humanoid robot, the Aldebaran Nao, that are goal-directed and avoid obstacles. The sensor information is a single camera in the head of the robot. The limited field of vision is compensated by head movements. The design of the dynamical system for motion generation and the choice of state variable makes a computationally expensive scene representation or local map building unnecessary.
In this paper, we describe a method to model human clothes for a later recognition by the use of RGB- and SWIR-cameras. A basic model is estimated during people detection and tracking. This model will be refined if the recognition is triggered. For the refining, several saliency maps are used to extract individual features. These individual features are located separately for any human body parts. The body parts are estimated by the use of a silhouette extraction combined with a skeleton estimation. In this way, the model describes the human clothes in a compact manner which allows the use of a simple and fast comparison method for people recognition. Such models can be used in security and service applications.
One of the most stressing challenges in our culture is the demographic change. On the one hand, people become older and older, at the same time less young people are available in order to support the elderly. Currently, this fact already provides a number of social impacts that need to be solved in the near future. This paper concentrates on the integration of mobile devices in scenarios that allow elderly people to age successfully. Here, the term "aging successfully" refers to broad range of aspects from health to social life of elderly people. A special focus of this paper lies in the question whether services deployed to a mobile device provide advantages in the area of aging successfully. In order to answer this question, both technical challenges are explained and solved by example architectures, and scenarios that benefit from services deployed to mobile devices are explained.
Mobile Walzenmesstechnik
(2003)
This paper presents a web-based framework that allows the creation and deployment of mobile learning activities. We present an authoring tool that allows not-technically skilled persons to design mobile learning tasks and deploy them as a web-based mobile application. Since the presented approach is based exclusively on web-technologies, the deployed mobile application can be executed via a mobile browser and therefore is platform independent. Despite previous research efforts carried out in this domain, few of the projects have addressed this course of actions from a purely web-based perspective. Through the latest development of web technologies, mobile applications have access to internal sensors like camera, microphone and GPS and therefore allow data collection within web-applications. In order to validate whether the proposed framework can be applied in educational settings, we conducted a pilot study with experienced teachers and present the results of these efforts in this paper.
Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion in sicherheitskritischen Systemen ist ein für die Informatik und die jeweiligen Anwendungsdomänen in der Bedeutung weiter zunehmendes Thema. Dieser Workshop der GI-Fachgruppe „Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion in sicherheitskritischen Systemen" innerhalb des Fachbereichs Mensch-Computer-Interaktion soll aktuelle Entwicklungen und Fragestellungen offenlegen und neue Impulse für das Forschungsgebiet geben.
Fat content of liver is an essential parameter to decide whether a liver is suitable for transplantation or not. The determination of fat content is often challenging and usually there is not enough time to bring a specimen to a pathologic laboratory. That is why transplantation clinics need a technique to measure the fat content of a graft. In this paper the theoretical basics and an existing laboratory setup are presented.
Self-driving cars will relief the human from the driving task. Nevertheless, the human might want to intervene in the driving process and thus needs the possibility to control the car. Switching back to fully manual controls is uncomfortable once being passive and engaging in non-driving-related activities. A more comfortable way is controlling the car with elemental maneuvers (e.g., "turn left" or "stop"). Whereas touch interaction concepts exist, contactless interaction through voice and mid-air gestures has not yet been explored for maneuver-based car control. In this paper, we, therefore, compare the general eligibility of voice and mid-air gesture with touch interaction as the primary maneuver selection mechanism in a driving simulator study. Our results show high usability for all modalities. Contactless interaction leads to a more positive emotional perception of the interaction, yet mid-air gestures lead to higher task load. Overall, voice and touch control are preferred over mid-air gestures by most users.
Durch Anpassung der Mathematik-Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen in der Studieneingangsphase an die einzelnen Kompetenzen der Studienanfängerinnen und Studienanfänger wird die individuelle Passgenauigkeit der Maßnahmen erhöht und ein hoher Lernfortschritt erzielt. Dies führt zu einer wesentlichen Verbesserung der
Eingangsqualifikation im Bereich der Mathematik und zu einer Homogenisierung der Leistungsfähigkeit von
Studierenden
The mathematical competence of first year students is an important success factor at least for technical studies. As a significant percentage of students do not have sufficient mathematical skills, universities often utilise blended learning courses to increase these skills prior to the start of studies. Due to the diversity of students and their educational backgrounds, individual strategies are needed to achieve the necessary competence for successfully managing their studies. This paper describes our approach at the University of Applied Sciences Ruhr West, where we are using personalized blended learning concepts based on the measurement of individual mathematical competences at the beginning of a coaching process. This is used to gain a better matching between the individual learner level and the adapted learning concepts. We combine individual presence learning groups and a personalized e-learning environment. This environment is adapted based on mathematical skills of each stud ent. It uses individual learning advices, short-term optical feedback and up to date e-learning material in a Moodle-based LMS (learning management system). The coaching concept is approved by the results of summative and formative evaluations.
The astronomy domain provides rich opportunities for learning about natural phenomena. It can involve and motivate a variety of mathematical and physical knowledge and skills. However it is difficult to connect astronomic observations to modelling and calculation tools and to embed them into educational scenarios. It is particularly this challenge which is focused in this paper. Concretely, we build on an existing collaborative modelling framework (Cool Modes) and extend it with specific representations to support learning activities in astronomy. A first field test has been conducted with these extensions.
Integrating Social Networking Sites in Day-to-Day Learning Scenarios - A Facebook Based Approach
(2012)
In recent years, the number of users in social networking sites regularly increased. Especially younger people spend a tremendous time on social networking sites like Facebook, YouTube, Flickr, Google+ and many more. Since obviously this is the place on the World-Wide-Web where our students spent their spare time, we integrated social networking sites in our day-to-day learning scenarios. This is on the one hand to start working with our students where they feel comfortable, and on the other hand to allow to foster the communication among our students about the topic of the lectures.
Integrating Orientation Constraints into the Attractor Dynamics Approach for Autonomous Manipulation
(2010)
Influencing Parameters on Measuring the Cross-Section Area of Hot Rolled Rods in Steel Industries
(2014)
Object detection systems which operate on large data streams require an efficient scaling with available computation power. We analyze how the use of tile-images can increase the efficiency (i.e. execution speed) of distributed HOG-based object detectors. Furthermore we discuss the challenges of using our developed algorithms in practical large scale scenarios. We show with a structured evaluation that our approach can provide a speed-up of 30-180 % for existing architectures. Due to the its generic formulation it can be applied to a wide range of HOG-based (or similar) algorithms. In this context we also study the effects of applying our method to an existing detector and discuss a scalable strategy for distributing the computation among nodes in a cluster system.
In recent times, a lot of attacks against central server infrastructures have been recognized. Those infrastructures have seen attacks ranging from attacks against Internt of Things (IoT) infrastructures, via attacks against public infrastructure to attacks against cryptocurrency exchanges and blockchain based infrastructures themselves, e.g., the already almost legendary Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) hack. Measured by press coverage, attacks against cryptocurrency exchanges and infrastructures seem to be among the most prominently reported attacks, probably due to the large amount of money that is stolen during those attacks and the great (but obviously still quite risky) potential (and financial involvement) of the blockchain technology. Naturally, attacks like the ones we have seen recently in crease the notion of uncertainty of blockchain technologies among the people,mreflected in lower values of cryptocurrencies in general. Obviously, this demands for an overall increase of security of cryptocurrency based technologies. Therefore, this paper provides an architectural approach, based on a proxy,to increase security of publicly available nodes of a blockchain based technology. Furthermore, it provides a first evaluation of the approach based on the results of an extensive community test of a new cryptocurrency.
Increasing economic viability and safety through structural health monitoring of wind turbines
(2017)
Serious accidents with property damage or even human casualties, result from structural flaws in wind turbine rotor blades. Common maintenance practices result in long downtimes and do not lead to the required results. Therefore, the Ruhr West University of Applied Sciences and the iQbis Consulting GmbH, currently research a new structural health monitoring method for wind turbine rotor blades. The goal of this project is to build a sensor system that can detect structural weaknesses inside of rotor blades without the need of downtime for industrial climbers. This technology has the potential to prevent accidents, save lives, extend the useful life of wind turbines and optimize the production of green energy.
The detection of soil erosion processes in dams, hydraulic heave failure or corrosion processes of reinforcing steel in concrete are a small selection of measuring applications in civil engineering where the impedance analysis can be used to determine the measurand. Those measuring applications are having high requirements for the measuring hardware. For example a common interface for fast data exchange, high resolution, independent functionality and easy customizability to suit the measuring application. For that reason, a well-known application for steel-mill process monitoring can be used as a development platform. This hardware platform is based on a vector network analyzer and is meeting the requirements mainly. However, a couple of modifications has to be made, like replacing the ADC for a higher sample rate, Ethernet for easy and fast data exchange and the microcontroller for more calculation power.