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Positive Computing umfasst Design, Realisierung und Bewertung von Anwendungssystemen und deren Einflüsse mit dem Ziel, Lebensqualität und Wohlbefinden von Menschen zu verbessern und sie bei der Entfaltung ihrer Potenziale zu unterstützen. Das Institut Positive Computing (IPCo) an der Hochschule Ruhr West soll dieses neue Paradigma in einem inter- und transdisziplinären Ansatz erschließen, untersuchen und umsetzen. Das Paradigma ist anwendbar auf nahezu alle Bereiche des privaten und beruflichen Lebens. Die Forschung des IPCo fokussiert zunächst jedoch auf die positive Nutzung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) für generationenübergreifende Herausforderungen. Hierzu sollen technologische Lösungen unter kontinuierlicher Einbeziehung menschlicher Bedürfnisse und sozialer Fragestellungen erarbeitet
werden.
Anonymity-preserving Methods for Client-side Filtering in Position-based Collaboration Approaches
(2017)
Recently, rescue worker resources have not been sufficient to meet the regular response time during large-scale catastrophic events in every case. However, many volunteers supported official forces in different disaster situations, often self-organized through social media. In this paper, a system will be introduced which allows the coordination of trained volunteers by a professional control center with the objective of a more efficient distribution of human resources and technical equipment. Volunteers are contacted via app on their private smartphone. The design of this app is based on user requirements gathered in focus group discussions. The feedback of the potential users includes privacy aspects, low energy consumption, and mechanisms for long-term motivation and training. The authors present the results of the focus group analyses as well as the transfer to their app design concept.
Technologie die beflügelt
(2016)
Bei Großschadensereignissen kann es durch die Vielzahl der Alarme dazu kommen, dass die verfügbaren Rettungskräfte nicht mehr ausreichen, um die anfallenden Aufgaben zu bewältigen oder Hilfsfristen einzuhalten. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt einen Ansatz, sich zusätzlicher Hilfe aus der Bevölkerung zu bedienen, die über einen Disponenten aus der vorhandenen Leitstelle koordiniert wird. Dabei stehen nicht spontan organisierte Helfer im Vordergrund, sondern Personen, die sich vorab mit einem klaren Fertigkeitsprofil und ggf. auch Ausstattung im System registriert haben. Besondere Anforderungen entstehen bei den Disponenten der Leitstelle, deren Mehrbelastung durch das neue System gering zu halten ist, als auch bei den freiwilligen Helfern, die über eine App auf dem Mobiltelefon alarmiert werden und auch darüber die Kommunikation führen sollen. Die Anforderungen beeinflussen sowohl die System-Infrastruktur als auch die Benutzerschnittstelle.
It is common to have a large noise and/or a strong interference around the frequency band of a Power Line Communication (PLC) system due to the fact that the PLC channel is not designed for communication. If there are no efficient operations at the receiver to suppress this out-of-band noise and interference to some extent, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) will decrease and system will suffer performance loss consequently. Normally, the effort of Analog Front End (AFE) on the suppression of out-of-band interference is finite and it is uneconomic to change the AFE structure to make a performance improvement. Therefore, an appropriate structure of Digital Front End (DFE) at the receiver is necessary to reduce the impact of out-of-band noise and interference furthermore. In this paper, three different kinds of DFE structure at the receiver are introduced: classic DFE, time domain Nyquist windowing and Equivalent Complex Baseband (ECB) approach. The performance of these DFE structures is compared, not only from the aspect of out-of-band suppression, but also from the system overhead they need.
Recently, standardization bodies such as IEEE and ITU addressed, independently, standards for the medium access control (MAC) and physical layer specification of PLCs. MAC designers develop coexistence mechanisms irrespectively of the physical layer. Power line channel behavior changes every time a modem sends/receives on the channel. Changing the channel behavior influences the communication between nodes. As a consequence, the MAC coexistence mechanisms are affected. Power line impedance is a very important parameter on the design of PLC architecture. The changed channel behavior is a result of changing the impedance values between sending and receiving states. Transmitter and receiver nodes behave simultaneously on the power line. Transmitter nodes transmit although other nodes receive at the same time. Changing states from the MAC layer simultaneously between send and receive for the different nodes influence the channel behavior, as a consequence, influence the physical layer and the coexistence between the different nodes even when the systems are separated in frequency. In this paper, we discuss the coexistence of the NB-PLC applications considering the communication requirements. We then investigate the impedance problem of the power line by providing a typical transmission scenario and simulation results on the CENELEC frequency bands. Finally, we introduce a transmission model which overcomes the impedance problem and optimizes the communications between the non-interoperable nodes.