000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Conference Proceeding (60)
- Article (37)
- Part of Periodical (11)
- Book (9)
- Report (5)
- Part of a Book (2)
- Contribution to a Periodical (2)
- Course Material (2)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
- Lecture (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (132)
Keywords
- Hochschule Ruhr West (9)
- Zeitschrift (9)
- Fachhochschule (8)
- Mülheim an der Ruhr (8)
- Architektur (1)
- Computer Vision (1)
- Fahrerassistenzsystem (1)
- Framework (1)
- Intercultural sharing (1)
- Knowledge sharing (1)
Applications and research efforts in Mobile Learning constitute a growing field in the area of Technology Enhanced Learning. However, despite a permanent increase of mobile internet accessibility and availability of mobile devices over the past years, a mobile learning environment that is easy to use, widely accepted by teachers and learners, uses widespread off-the-shelf software, and that covers various application scenarios and mobile devices, is not yet available. In this paper, we address this issue by presenting an approach and technical framework called "Mobile Contributions" ("MoCo"). MoCo supports learners to create and send contributions through various channels (including third-party solutions like Twitter, SMS and Facebook), which are collected and stored in a central repository for processing, filtering and visualization on a shared display. A set of different learning and teaching scenarios that can be realized with MoCo are described along with first experiences and insights gained from qualitative and quantitative evaluation.
Die Entwicklung von vollautomatisierten Fahrzeugen wird in der gesellschaftlichen Diskussion immer präsenter. Wichtig für die Durchsetzung und verbreitete Nutzung dieser technischer Neuerungen ist jedoch vor allem die Akzeptanz der Bevölkerung – in diesem Fall nicht nur die der potenziellen KäuferInnen sondern auch die der übrigen Verkehrs-teilnehmenden. Vorgestellt wird eine explorative Online-Studie zur Akzeptanz von auto-nomen Fahren basierend auf quantitativen und qualitativen Daten einer Stichprobe von N = 89. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem eine geringe Vertrautheit mit dem Thema, ein vergleichsweise ausgeprägtes Vertrauen aber eine geringe Nutzungsabsicht.
Checking wind turbines for damage is a common problem for operators of wind parks, as regular inspections are legally required in many countries and prevention is economically viable. While some of the common forms of damage are easily visible on the surface, structural problems can remain invisible for years before they eventually result in catastrophic failure of a rotor blade. Common forms of testing fibre composite parts like ultrasonic testing or X-ray tests are impractical due to the large dimensions of wind turbine components and their limited accessibility for any short-range methods. Active thermographic inspection of wind turbines is a promising approach to testing for structural flaws beneath the surface of rotor blades. As part of an ongoing research project, a setup for testing the general viability of this method was built and used to compare different thermographic cameras. A sample cut from a discarded rotor blade was modified to emulate structural damage. The results are promising for the development of a cost effective on-site testing system.
Wissensmanagement (WM) und IT-gestütztes Lernen sind gerade in kleinen Behörden der Öffentlichen Verwaltung (ÖV), wie z.B. in ländlichen
Gemeinden, noch ausbaufähig. Am Beispiel des EU-Projekts EAGLE werden
Projektergebnisse als Verbesserungsansätze für ein arbeitsprozessorientiertes, IT-gestütztes Lernen vorgestellt. Neuartige Plattform-Features und ihr ÖV-spezifischer Nutzen werden erläutert. Die Ergebnisse der Plattformvalidierung werden vorgestellt. Ferner werden Vorschläge gemacht, wie die Ergebnisse aus EAGLE mit WM und weiteren Wissensquellen der ÖV, wie z.B. der Registratur, zu einem Gesamtkonzept mit bereits vorhandenen Fortbildungs- und WM-Ansätzen verbunden werden können.
Die Entwicklung des automobilen HMI verläuft in immer kürzer werdenden Zyklen. Nichtsdestoweniger läßt sich kaum erahnen, inwieweit sich die Zukunft automobilen HMIs darstellen wird. Im Rahmen eines Experten-Workshops wurden verschiedene zukünftige Szenarien in 5, 10 und 20 Jahren auf Basis von Cockpitskizzen bearbeitet. Als Hilfestellung dienten hierbei drei unterschiedliche Personas, basierend auf verschiedenen prototypischen Kunden.
Das Automobil wird weltweit von verschiedensten Nutzergruppen in Anspruch genommen. Die Notwendigkeit der Anpassung der Benutzerschnittstelle ergibt sich für Automobilhersteller, die weite Kundenkreise erschließen möchten. Dies zielt zum einen auf ältere Autofahrer, aber auch auf Anpassungen, die für andere Märkte nötig sind. Nicht zu vergessen ist auch der generelle Wunsch von Kunden, die Benutzerschnittstelle im Fahrzeug an die eigenen Vorlieben anzupassen. Diese Herausforderungen werden im folgenden erörtert.
In this paper we describe an architecture for behavioral organization based on dynamical systems. This architecture
enables the generation of complex behavioral sequences, which is demonstrated using the example of approaching and
passing a door. The behavioral sequence is generated by activating and deactivating the elementary behaviors dependent
on sensory information and internal logical conditions. The architecture is demonstrated on a mobile KOALA robot and
in simulation as well.
With the introduction of Apple’s iPhone, gesture control became pop-
ular and was perceived as an intuitive means of interaction. Contact-
less gestures received broad attention with the X-Box Kinect.
Current technology is limited to a small number of uses, mainly
in entertainment systems. The target of this project is to increase the
range of possible applications, e.g. to the field of automotive,
industrial applications (manufacturing plants), assisted living in con-
texts ranging from private households to hospitals (interaction for
people with disabilities) and many more.
Pedestrian movement analysis at airports - videobased analysis across multiple camera systems
(2013)
In this paper, we describe an efficient method for a fast people re-identification based on models of human clothes. An initial model is estimated during people detection and tracking, which will be refined during the re-identification. This stepwise extraction, combination and comparing of features speeds up the whole re-identification. For the refining, several saliency maps are used to extract individual features. These individual features are located separately for any human body part. The body parts are located with an optimized GPU-based HOG detector. Furthermore, we introduce a meanshift-based fusion concept which utilizes multiple detectors in order to increase the detection reliability.
Systems for automated image analysis are useful for a variety of tasks. Their importance is still growing due to technological advances and increased social acceptance. Especially driver assistance systems have reached a high level of sophistication. Fully or partly autonomously guided vehicles, particularly for road traffic, require highly reliable algorithms due to the conditions imposed by natural environments. At the Institut fur Neuroinformatik, methods for analyzing driving relevant scenes by computer vision are developed in cooperation with several partners from the automobile industry. We present a system extracting important information from an image taken by a CCD camera installed at the rear-view mirror in a car. The approach is divided into a sequential and a parallel phase of sensor and information processing. Three main tasks, namely initial segmentation (object detection), object tracking and object classification are realized by integration in the sequential phase and by fusion in the parallel phase. The main advantage of this approach is integrative coupling of different algorithms providing partly redundant information. q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
We present a novel approach of distributing matrix multiplications among GPU-equipped nodes in a cluster system. In this context we discuss the induced challenges and possible solutions. Additionally we state an algorithm which outperforms optimized GPU BLAS libraries for small matrices. Furthermore we provide a novel theoretical model for distributing algorithms within homogeneous computation systems with multiple hierarchies. In the context of this model we develop an algorithm which can find the optimal distribution parameters for each involved subalgorithm. We provide a detailed analysis of the algorithms space and time complexities and justify its use with a structured evaluation within a small GPU-equipped Beowulf cluster.
In diesem Artikel wird eine flexible Architektur vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe eine modulare Lösung von Fahrerassistenzaufgaben in Kraftfahrzeugen gezeigt werden kann. Es wird eine Objektbezogene Analyse von Sensordaten, eine Verhaltensbasierte Szeneninterpretation und eine Verhaltensplanung vorgestellt. Eine globale Wissensbasis, auf der jedes einzelne Modul arbeitet, beinhaltet die Beschreibung physikalischer Zusammenhänge, Verhaltensregeln für den Straßenverkehr, sowie Objekt- und Szenenwissen. Externes Wissen (z.B. GPS - Global Positioning System) kann ebenfalls in die Wissensbasis eingebunden werden. Als Anwendungsbeispiel der Verhaltensplanung wird ein intelligenter Tempomat vorgestellt.
To reduce the number of traffic accidents and to increase the drivers comfort, the thought of designing driver assistance systems rose in the past years. Principal problems are caused by having a moving observer (ego motion) in predominantly natural surroundings. In this paper we present a solution for a flexible architecture for a driver assistance system. The architecture can be subdivided into four different parts: the object-related analysis, the knowledge base, the behavior-based scene interpretation, and the behavior planning unit. The object-related analysis is fed with data by the sensors (e.g., vision, radar). The sensor data are preprocessed (flexible sensor fusion) and evaluated (saliency map) searching for object-related information (positions, types of objects, etc.). The knowledge base is represented by static and dynamic knowledge. It consists of a set of rules (e.g. , traffic rules, physical laws), additional information (i.e., GPS, lane-information) and it is implicitly used by algorithms in the system. The scene interpretation combines the information extracted by the object related analysis and inspects the information for contradictions. It is strongly connected to the behavior planning using only information needed for the actual task. In the scene interpretation consistent representations (i.e., bird's eye view) are organized and interpreted as well as a scene analysis is performed. The results of the scene interpretation are used for decision making in behavior planning, which is controlled by the actual task. The influence of behavior planning on the behavior of the guided vehicle is limited to advices as no mechanical control (e.g. , control of the steering angle) was implemented. An Intelligent Cruise Control (ICC) is shown as a spin-off for using this architecture.
The scene interpretation and the behavior planning of a vehicle in real world traffic is a difficult problem to be solved. If different hierarchies of tasks and purposes are built to structure the behavior of a driver, complex systems can be designed. But finally behavior planning in vehicles can only influence the controlled variables: steering, angle and velocity. In this paper a scene interpretation and a behavior planning for a driver assistance system aiming on cruise control is proposed. In this system the controlled variables are determined by an evaluation of the dynamics of a two-dimensional neural field for scene interpretation and two one-dimensional neural fields controlling steering angle and velocity. The stimuli of the fields are determined according to the sensor information.
In the context of existing approaches to cluster computing we present a newly developed modular framework `SimpleHydra' for rapid deployment and management of Beowulf clusters. Instead of focusing only the pure computation tasks on homogeneous clusters (i.e. clusters with identically set up nodes), this framework aims to ease the configuration of heterogeneous clusters and to provide a low-level / high-level object-oriented API for low-latency distributed computing. Our framework does not make any restrictions regarding the hardware and minimizes the use of external libraries to the case of special modules. In addition to that our framework enables the user to develop highly dynamic cluster topologies. We describe the framework's general structure as well as time critical elements, give application examples in the `Big-Data' context during a research project and briefly discuss additional features. Furthermore we give a thorough theoretical time/space complexity analysis of our implemented methods and general approaches.
Industry 4.0 is known as the fourth industrial revolution which refers to the integration of technologies that make the factories interoperable by seamlessly connecting machines, employees and sensors for communication. In Industry 4.0, one of the key features is the use of new technologies to recognize the current context. Thus, the employees are supported with contextual information for speeding up decision-making during various processes related to planning, production, maintenance, etc. As a contribution to this area, the work described here aims to introduce a cyber-physical system (CPS) approach to provide context-based and intelligent support to employees in heavy industries using new technologies, especially in the field of mobile devices. In this work, mobile device sensors and image processing techniques are used to recognize the context which requires specific support. In addition, new scenarios and associated processes are developed to support the employees on the basis of new, flexible, adaptive and mobile technologies.
With a rapidly ageing population, it is increasingly important to de-
velop devices for elderly and disabled people that can support and aid
them in their daily lives, helping them to live at home as long as pos-
sible. The goal of this project is to implement a human-machine inter-
action and assistance system that can offer personalised health sup-
port for elderly people, or for those who have special needs in the
home environment.
Collaboration and Technology
(2012)
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 18th Collaboration Researchers' International Working Group Conference on Collaboration and Technology, held in Raesfeld, Germany, in September 2012. The 9 revised papers presented together with 12 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. They are grouped into five themes that represent collaborative learning, social media analytics, conceptual and design models, formal modeling and technical approaches and collaboration support in emergency scenarios.
It is common to have a large noise and/or a strong interference around the frequency band of a Power Line Communication (PLC) system due to the fact that the PLC channel is not designed for communication. If there are no efficient operations at the receiver to suppress this out-of-band noise and interference to some extent, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) will decrease and system will suffer performance loss consequently. Normally, the effort of Analog Front End (AFE) on the suppression of out-of-band interference is finite and it is uneconomic to change the AFE structure to make a performance improvement. Therefore, an appropriate structure of Digital Front End (DFE) at the receiver is necessary to reduce the impact of out-of-band noise and interference furthermore. In this paper, three different kinds of DFE structure at the receiver are introduced: classic DFE, time domain Nyquist windowing and Equivalent Complex Baseband (ECB) approach. The performance of these DFE structures is compared, not only from the aspect of out-of-band suppression, but also from the system overhead they need.
Das übergeordnete Forschungsgebiet, in das sich die vorliegende Arbeit einbettet, befasst sich mit der Erforschung von informationsverabeitenden Prozessen im Gehirn und der Anwendung der resultierenden Erkenntnisse auf technische Systeme. In Analogie zu biologischen Systemen, deren Beschaffenheit aus den Anforderungen der Umwelt an ihr Verhalten resultiert, leitet sich die Anthropomorphie als Entwurfsprinzip für die Struktur des mit den Menschen interagierenden robotischen Assistenzsystemen ab. Der Autor behandelt in der vorliegende Arbeit das Problem der Erzeugung von Motorverhalten im dreidimensionalen Raum am Beispiel eines anthropomorphen Roboterarmes in einem anthropomorphen robotischen Assistenzsystem. Entwickelt wurde hierbei ein allgemeiner Ansatz, der die Konzepte der Erzeugung von Motorverhalten im 3D-Raum, der Voraussimulation dynamischer Systeme zur Systemdiagnose und zur Suche gewünschter Systemzustände, sowie ein Konzept der Organisation von Verhalten enthält und vereinigt. Nichtlineare dynamische Systeme bilden das mathematische Fundament, die einheitlich, formale Sprache des Ansatzes, mit der sowohl das Motorverhalten des Roboters als auch dessen zeitkontinuierliche Teilsysteme rückgekoppelt werden.
Autonomous robots with limited computational capacity call for control approaches that generate meaningful, goal-directed behavior without using a large amount of resources. The attractor dynamics approach to movement generation is a framework that links sensor data to motor commands via coupled dynamical systems that have attractors at behaviorally desired states. The low computational demands leave enough system resources for higher level function like forming a sequence of local goals to reach a distant one. The comparatively high performance of local behavior generation allows the global planning to be relatively simple. In the present paper, we apply this approach to generate walking trajectories for a small humanoid robot, the Aldebaran Nao, that are goal-directed and avoid obstacles. The sensor information is a single camera in the head of the robot. The limited field of vision is compensated by head movements. The design of the dynamical system for motion generation and the choice of state variable makes a computationally expensive scene representation or local map building unnecessary.
Auf gute Zusammenarbeit
(2008)
To enable a robotic assistant to autonomously reach for and transport objects while avoiding obstacles we have generalized the attractor dynamics approach established for vehicles to trajectory formation in robot arms. This approach is able to deal with the time-varying environments that occur when a human operator moves in a shared workspace. Stable fixed points (attractors) for the heading direction of the end-effector shift during movement and are being tracked by the system. This enables the attractor dynamics approach to avoid the spurious states that hamper potential field methods. Separating planning and control computationally, the approach is also simpler to implement. The stability properties of the movement plan make it possible to deal with fluctuating and imprecise sensory information. We implement this approach on a seven degree of freedom anthropomorphic arm reaching for objects on a working surface. We use an exact solution of the inverse kinematics, which enables us to steer the spatial position of the elbow clear of obstacles. The straight-line trajectories of the end-effector that emerge as long as the arm is far from obstacles make the movement goals of the robotic assistant predictable for the human operator, improving man-machine interaction
One of the latest hypes in IT is the well-known Cloud
Computing paradigm. This paradigm that showed up in recent years
is a paradigm for the dynamic usage of computational power, memory and other computational resources. With respect to hypes, the author strongly believes that the
Cloud Computing paradigm has the potential to survive the hype and to become a usual technology used for the provision of IT based services. Therefore, it will be necessary to deploy Cloud Computing based infrastructures in a professional, stable and reliable way. This would lead to the idea that the Cloud Computing paradigm needs to be concerned with respect to IT Service Management, since cloud based infrastructures have to be managed differently in comparison to a usual infrastructure. This paper discusses, based on the IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL), as the de-facto standard for IT Service Management, whether this de-facto standard might also be able to manage Cloud Computing based infrastructures, how the according processes might change and whether ITIL supports a division of labor between the customer and the service provider
of a Cloud Computing based infrastructure.
The use of Web Services in modern software development is widely accepted and provides (integrated in an according architecture) a fast, flexible and scalable way for the implementation of modern software products. On the other hand, the development of mobile applications, so called apps, becomes more and more important. While using Web Services also from mobile devices is an already accepted scheme in the development of mobile apps, there is not much work done yet for providing Web Services on mobile devices. Therefore, this paper presents a new perspective to Web Services that could be run on mobile devices and, by this, become mobile Web Services.
One of the technical building blocks of Cloud Computing infrastructures are Web Services. With respect to mobile devices their role as Web Service consumers is widely accepted and today a large number of mobile applications already consume Web Services in order to fulfill their task. Still, not much research is conducted, as yet, to allow deploying Web Services on mobile devices and thus uses these kinds of devices as Web Service providers. This paper presents an analysis of one already implemented approach for provisioning mobile Web Services with respect to energy/battery consumption. Here, after shortly presenting the implementation for the provisioning of mobile Web Services an evaluation of the battery consumption that results in using the approach is presented. Last but not least, an improvement with respect to the battery consumption is presented. The performance test shows that the improved approach provides a reasonable way to introduce Web Service provisioning for mobile devices.
The role of mobile devices as Web Service consumers is widely accepted and a large number of mobile applications already consumes Web Services in order to fullfill their task. Nevertheless, the growing number of powerful mobile devices, e.g. mobile phones, tablets even raise the question whether these devices can not only be used as Web Service consumers but at the same time also as Web Service providers. Therefore, this paper presents an approach that allows to deploy Web Services on mobile devices by the usage of the well-known protocols and standards, e.g. SOAP/REST and WSDL.